Investigation of bacterial and fungal communities in indoor and outdoor air of elementary school classrooms by 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing

The advent of high-throughput sequencing methods allowed researchers to fully characterize microbial community in environmental samples, which is crucial to better understand their health effects upon exposures. In our study, we investigated bacterial and fungal community in indoor and outdoor air of nine classrooms in three elementary schools in Seoul, Korea. The extracted bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS regions were sequenced, and their taxa were identified. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction for total bacteria DNA was also performed. The bacterial community was richer in outdoor air than classroom air, whereas fungal diversity was similar indoors and outdoors. Bacteria such as Enhydrobacter, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus that are generally found in human skin, mucous membrane, and intestine were found in great abundance. For fungi, Cladosporium, Clitocybe, and Daedaleopsis were the most abundant genera in classroom air and mostly related to outdoor plants. Bacterial community composition in classroom air was similar among all classrooms but differed from that in outdoor air. However, indoor and outdoor fungal community compositions were similar for the same school but different among schools. Our study indicated the main source of airborne bacteria in classrooms was likely human occupants; however, classroom airborne fungi most likely originated from outdoors.     

数字经济时代网络市场监管创新的思考

数字经济时代,新技术、新产业、新业态、新模式加速孕育,网络市场竞争态势愈加复杂、多变,监管创新成为重要课题。网络市场监管工作应当确立稳定、可预期的监管原则,并落实好包容审慎、事中事后监管、协同监管等原则;对关系到国家安全、社会稳定和公众生命健康等底线性问题,监管不能缺位,而应继续严格审查监管。从创新监管原则的宏观研究,以及大数据监管、提升电子取证能力等监管手段的具体研究等维度,对监管创新进行了深度思考。     

Assessing the Potential of Cross-border regional innovation Systems:A case study of the Hong Kong -Shenzhen region

While technological transformations have redrawn the boundaries of regional innovation systems, the effect of such transformations on the development of cross-border regional innovation systems (CBRISs) – defined here as the innovation system spanning neighboring territories belonging to different nation-states – has not been well understood. The Hong Kong-Shenzhen region presents a unique opportunity to study the potential of CBRISs, as Hong Kong and Shenzhen are adjacent to each other though there is a border between them and the two cities have their own political and legal systems under the “one country, two systems” arrangement. In this research, we examine the development of the Hong Kong-Shenzhen region by focusing on cognitive proximity, innovation actors, collaboration, and global connectivity through an analysis of patent and publication data for the 2001–2015 period. Our findings point to a good potential given the growing convergence in scientific research among the two cities, steadily increasing collaboration output, and a complementarity among innovation actors. However, compared with other cross-border regions, the technological linkages between Hong Kong and Shenzhen remain limited.     

On the diffusion of mobile phone innovations for financial inclusion

This article investigates nexuses between innovations in mobile money and financial inclusion. Demand and supply factors that affect the diffusion of mobile services as well as macro-level institutional and economic factors are taken in account. The focus is on 148 countries with data mostly consisting of 2010–2014 averages. The empirical evidence is based on Tobit regressions. The study finds that when the empirical analysis is robust to multicollinearity, two main tendencies are apparent: the significant findings of Lashitew et al. (2019) [1] are confirmed and many new significant estimated coefficients emerge. While this study confirms the findings of the underlying research, it also goes further to improve the harmony in narratives between the predictors and the outcome variables. Accordingly, by accounting for multicollinearity, the earlier findings are now more consistent across the set of predictors (i.e. demand and supply factors) and the attendant financial inclusion outcomes (i.e. mobile money accounts, mobile used to send money and mobile used to receive money).     

BIM技术在建筑构造和工程识图教学中的应用

利用BIM软件建立适合教学的中小型工程图纸三维立体模型,应用于对建筑构造的理解和工程图识读的教学,改革传统教学模式,逐步从以往抽象、枯燥的学习模式转变借助计算机展示、生动立体为主的学习模式,适应专业的社会需求。     

时装画教学中“联动式”训练方法探究——以五官绘制为例

时装画是展现服装外观形式美的手段之一,在服装设计、服装宣传中经常用到,画好时装画尤为重要,时装画的训练方法成为关键。通过时装画教学实践,发现练习绘画人脸五官时存在着一系列问题,如平衡对应问题、透视问题、比例问题、形态问题等,针对出现的问题提出应对方法——"联动式"训练。通过实践证明,"联动式"训练对于出现的问题有很好的矫正作用,并为时装画教学提供了一定的参考和借鉴。     

《物理化学》课程思政建设的探索与实践

"立德树人"是高等教育的根本任务,思政教育能培养青年大学生树立正确的价值观。以近三年的《物理化学》课程教学实践为基础,举例说明《物理化学》课程的思政元素提炼,讨论了如何在授课教学环节有机融入课程思政内容。结果表明,思政元素的融入不仅能有效提高教学质量,更能激发学生的爱国热情,培养学生的辩证思维,有利于培养有理想、有素养的高素质人才。     

论中国设计理论与技术创新——技术设计学体系基本问题研究论纲①

一年一度的“中国设计理论与‘中国工匠’培育高端论坛”旨在探讨、研究与实践中国设计理论体系的当代建构问题，以期对中国未来发展做出中国设计理论界自己的努力和贡献。本研究聚焦设计与技术之内在逻辑关系的探讨，重点探索中国设计理论与技术创新问题。系统考察与研究中国设计理论的概念、基本内涵、特征及其价值；深入探讨如何把握技术创新的基本内涵、价值追求及其当代意义；特别考察中国设计理论建设中的技术创新问题。本次的亮点是设计治理理论问题的提出与探索，具有极大的现实价值和理论意义。这些问题正是中国当代文化转型发展的重大理论问题。本研究尝试性探讨技术设计学体系建构的基本问题。     

环境监测与控制技术专业创新创业改革研究

为充分发挥专业教育对大学生创新创业能力的培养作用，以某高职院校环境监测与控制技术专业创新创业教育为研究对象，从课程体系的建设、课堂教学改革、教师队伍建设、实训基地建设、制度创新等方面进行分析研究，探索创新创业改革的有效路径。     

多维度教学策略在信号与系统中探究

在新工科背景下，围绕以学生为中心，本文提出了一种多维度线上线下混合式教学策略在“信号与系统”课程中的探究与实践。整体流程主要包括课前自主学习、课上知识消化及课后教学反馈。该策略通过多个维度的教学方法对“信号与系统”课程中的知识点进行展示，显示了此教学策略能够达到良好的教学效果，且本文提出的教学方法也具有良好的推广作用。